thanks! i don't prepare the wood at all, i just apply the wine directly. in one piece i cut away a trench for the wine, but that bled out pretty quickly. one or two applications will slightly darken the wood, but it takes many, many layers to get a distinctly red color. even then, it tends to fade to more of a pink or brown, depending on the wood. i'm beginning to experiment with oils to treat the wood, but haven't used it in a complete project yet--it works fine with the wine, but tends to mess up the ink, oddly.